Vietnam sees an increasing trend in colorectal cancer cases, making it a prevalent form of cancer in the country. Several screening methods are available to detect colorectal cancer, including stool tests. Stool tests are noninvasive and can identify the presence of colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps in stool samples. There are three types of stool tests: fecal occult blood test (FOBT), fecal immunochemical test (FIT), and fecal DNA test.
The FOBT detects hidden blood in a patient’s stool sample, which can be a symptom of colorectal cancer. The FIT uses antibodies to detect blood in a small stool sample collected at home. Stool DNA testing looks for abnormal DNA fragments released from cancer cells or polyps in the stool sample. These tests help determine if a patient has cancer or is at risk of developing it.
Colonoscopy is considered the “gold standard” for screening and diagnosing colorectal cancer. This procedure allows doctors to examine the entire colon and rectum for early signs of cancer or precancerous lesions. Advanced endoscopic methods like submucosal dissection (ESD) and submucosal resection (EMR) can effectively treat early-stage colorectal cancer without the need for additional support.
Early detection, appropriate treatment, and regular follow-up care are essential to improving the prognosis and quality of life for colorectal cancer patients. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include obesity, red meat consumption, smoking, alcohol abuse, and lack of physical activity. Endoscopy can help detect and remove polyps to prevent colorectal cancer.
It is crucial to consult with a doctor to determine the most appropriate screening method and develop an early treatment plan if colorectal cancer is suspected. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving the chances of survival and quality of life for colorectal cancer patients.
