Fine dust particles, including PM 2.5 and PM 10, can cause significant damage to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems when inhaled or absorbed into the bloodstream. Exposure to fine dust has been linked to an increased risk of heart-related diseases, strokes, and respiratory issues in Hanoi City, where air pollution is a major health concern for residents.
Respiratory diseases are one of the most common health issues associated with fine dust exposure. PM 2.5 particles are particularly small and cannot be seen with the naked eye, causing haze and reduced visibility in the air. Fine dust can penetrate the airways, causing inflammation and damage to the respiratory system, leading to chronic lung diseases like asthma and emphysema. Individuals with sinus and rhinitis conditions are at a higher risk of worsening symptoms when exposed to fine dust, potentially leading to chronic rhinosinusitis or other complications.
Prolonged exposure to fine dust can also lead to cardiovascular problems such as abnormal heart rhythms, blood clots in the lungs, high blood pressure in children, and an increased risk of stroke. Fine dust particles can damage brain cells, affecting cognitive function and overall health.
To protect their health from fine dust pollution, individuals should maintain clean eating habits, practice daily hygiene like washing hands regularly and covering their mouths while coughing or sneezing, wear masks in polluted areas especially during rush hours or construction activities that release dust into the atmosphere, increase physical activity by engaging in outdoor exercises or using indoor air purifiers that remove pollutants from the air.
Local authorities should take measures such as controlling waste sources by properly disposing of garbage or implementing strict regulations on construction activities that may release particulate matter into the atmosphere. Individuals should avoid burning waste or discharging pollutants into rivers or water bodies that may affect aquatic life.
In conclusion, fine dust pollution poses serious health risks for individuals living in Hanoi City where air quality is a major concern due to heavy traffic congestion and industrial activities that release particulate matter into the atmosphere. It is essential for both individuals and communities to take proactive steps towards reducing exposure levels by adopting healthy habits like wearing masks while commuting or exercising outdoors to prevent serious health complications caused by prolonged exposure to fine dust particles.
