Baobab trees, with their strange shapes and alien-like appearances, are a unique species that first emerged around 200 million years ago. These plants belong to the genus Adansonia and there are eight different species distributed in Australia, Africa, southwest Asia, and Madagascar. Scientists are conducting research to understand the genetic characteristics of baobab trees in order to protect their future by sequencing the genomes of all eight species.
One of the most well-known species is A. digitata, while others are threatened to varying degrees, with A. perrieri being extremely endangered. The longevity of baobab trees is attributed to their unique growth patterns. Carbon dating analysis has revealed that some of the oldest and largest baobab trees develop natural hollow cavities between roots that grow together, known as pseudo cavities. These hollow cavities can hold a significant amount of water, helping the tree survive during dry seasons. Some baobab trees in South Africa are estimated to be around 1,400 years old, with researchers suggesting they may live up to 3,000 years.
The baobab tree fruit is a large, hard-shelled fruit with a soft, wet interior that tastes like a combination of grape, pear, and vanilla, and is rich in vitamin C. Despite being hermaphroditic, baobab trees require pollination to produce fruit. The plants bloom at night, attracting pollinators such as hawk moths and bats with their nectar. Additionally, the baobab tree is known for its nickname “upside down tree” due to its unique appearance with branches that resemble roots and a smooth trunk.
In Madagascar, the giant baobab tree Adansonia grandidieri grows in the Menabe region between the city of Morondava and the town of Belon’i Tsiribihina
