High blood sugar levels can lead to damage to blood vessels and endothelium, which can cause heart failure, kidney failure, and sudden death. Diabetes is a chronic progressive endocrine metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, accompanied by metabolic disorders of protein, lipid, and minerals. Elevated blood glucose can affect both blood vessels and non-blood vessels, leading to organ impairment and dysfunction.
According to Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Thi Bich Dao, the relative risk of cardiovascular death in adults with diabetes is significantly higher compared to those without diabetes. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes, with risks further heightened by factors such as genetics, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and other comorbidities. Studies show a close relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with high blood glucose causing early damage to endothelial cells and initiating the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
Damaged vascular endothelium can lead to vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion, and blood clots in blood vessels, causing chronic or acute vascular occlusion. The manifestations of cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients are diverse and include coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy