Prostate cancer is a common occurrence in men over the age of 50, and it can be fatal if not detected early. The prostate gland, which is located between the penis and bladder, plays many important roles in the body. It produces nourishing fluid that helps to transport sperm and secret prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which aids in semen and urine control.
According to Global Cancer Organization statistics, prostate cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the second most common in men. In Vietnam, there are nearly 6,000 new cases and 2,800 deaths reported annually. Symptoms of prostate cancer include difficulty urinating, frequent urination (especially at night), weak urine stream, blood or semen in the urine, pain during urination or ejaculation, and pain in the back, hips or pelvis.
Risk factors for developing prostate cancer include age (risk increases after age 50), family history of the disease, genetic characteristics, a high-fat diet, obesity, smoking, alcohol abuse, exposure to chemicals like pesticides or benzene from industrial processes or tobacco smoke from cigarettes and pipe tobacco products. Additionally having sexually transmitted diseases such as Chlamydia trachomatis may also increase your risk of developing this cancer.
Screening for prostate cancer involves a blood test to measure PSA levels and a biopsy of the prostate tissue to check for any abnormalities that indicate cancer cells. While most cases of prostate cancer grow slowly and can be successfully treated if detected early on through regular screenings; advanced stages can be fatal if not detected on time.
It is important for men over the age of 40 with a family history of cancer or genetic mutations to undergo regular screenings regardless of symptoms; while those without risk factors should be screened after age 45. Being aware of these risk factors and symptoms can help men take steps towards early detection and timely treatment.
